Jackson： They put up ramps and extended around the pyramid and draggedthe blocks up by the ramps. When the pyramid was done， they took theramps away. Do you know who built the pyramid.
Amanda： I've heard that the pyramids were built by the pharaoh's slaves.
Jackson： Not really. The pyramids were built by skilled workers， and theunemployed farmers also came to work during the flood season.
Amanda： Were they forced to build the pyramid？
Jackson： As the common saying they were， but some recent researches say“No”. The studies have showed that the people believed that the pharaohwas Sun God living on earth. If his corpse was not preserved， thepharaoh could not enjoy life after death. It was a religious duty for theirwork.
Amanda： Oh， so people were not forced to build the pyramid！
Jackson： In fact they were proud to do the work.
Amanda： Sounds interesting！
阿曼达：哇，真是伟大的奇观！你看，那是胡夫大金字塔。
杰克逊：嗯。特别壮观。据说胡夫金字塔用了200多万块巨石，平均每一块有2.5吨那么重。
阿曼达：古埃及人是怎么做到的？4000多年前还没有机器，他们怎么搬动这些巨石来建造这么大的金字塔？
杰克逊：每年尼罗河发大水的时候，人们就把石头装在驳船上，船顺流而下，漂到建金字塔的地方。
阿曼达：那建金字塔的时候，人们怎么往上运这些石头呢？
杰克逊：金字塔周围搭建了一些斜坡，人们顺着坡道把巨石拖上去。
金字塔建好了，再把坡道拆掉。你知道金字塔是谁建的吗
阿曼达：我听说是法老的奴隶建的。
杰克逊：不是的，其实是技艺熟练的工人们建的。发大水时，农民们无事可做，也会加入到建金字塔的大军中。
阿曼达：这些工人和农民是被法老抓去做苦力的吗？
杰克逊：根据普遍的说法他们是被抓去的，但一些研究表明古埃及人相信法老是人世间的太阳神。一旦没有保存好法老的遗体，法老死后就不能享受来世，所以他们把建金字塔看成是自己的责任。
阿曼达：哦，原来人们不是被迫修建金字塔的。
杰克逊：事实上，很多人还引以为傲呢！
阿曼达：真有意思！
词汇补给站
pyramid ['p?r?m?d] n. 金字塔
Egypt ['i：d??pt] n. 埃及
locate [l??'ke?t] v. 位于；定于……位置
compare [k?m'pe?(r)] v. 比较；喻为，比拟
beginning [b??g?n??] n. 开始；开端
bury ['ber?] v. 埋；埋葬
wonder [?w?nd?] n. 奇观；奇迹
average ['?v?r?d?] adj. 平常的；平均的
machinery [m???i：n?ri] n. 机器；机械装置
enormous [i?n?：m?s] adj. 巨大的
annual [??nju?l] adj. 每年的；一年的
float [fl??t] v. 浮动；使漂浮
ramp [r?mp] n. 土堤斜坡；斜面
drag [dr?ɡ] v. 拖；拉
pharaoh ['fε?r?u] n. （古埃及）法老
preserve [pr??z?：v] v. 保存；保护；保鲜
religious [ri?lid??s] adj. 宗教的
点滴文化情
古埃及金字塔（Pyramids of ancient Egypt ）Pyramids of ancient Egypt is the emperors tomb ofslavery， the most ambitious of the three is the Great Pyramid ofGiza. Taki was a square， each side 230 meters long， 146 metershigh， constructed with more than 230 million pieces of stone(each weighing an average of 2.5 tonnes) ， and the king tombwas constructed with a stone weighing 400 tons. The overallsize is magnificent， with scientific design， and complicatedstructure ， which took 30 years to complete. Ancient Greece itwas known as one of the Seven Wonders of the world，and in1980， inscribed on the World Heritage List.
古埃及金字塔是奴隶制帝王的陵墓，最宏大的当为吉萨三座大金字塔。塔基呈方形，每边长230米，高146米，用230余万块巨石(每块平均重达 2.5吨)垒成，国王墓室用一块400吨重的石板垒成。整体规模雄伟壮观，设计科学，构造复杂，历时30年建成。古希腊时即被称为世界七大奇迹之一，1980年列入世界遗产名录。
The pyramids were built by Egyptians under the ordersof the Egyptian leader， whose title was Pharaoh. There wasa sequence of Pharaohs ruling around 2615 B.C.， with thePharaoh Cheops building the biggest thing ever built， the GreatPyramid， also known as Khu fu. Cheops built a pyramid which770 feet on each side and 481 feet tall.
金字塔是埃及人在他们的领袖--名为法老--的命令下建造的。在公元前2615年左右，几任法老相继统治埃及，基奥普斯法老建造了有史以来最大的金字塔--大金字塔，也被称为胡夫金字塔。胡夫金字塔每边长770英尺，高481英尺。
The Pharaohs may have set out to build magnificent tombsfor themselves， but in the end they created monuments tohuman potential. Theres a universal message in the pyramids.
The pyramids belong to Egypt， but the pyramids also belongto the world. Thats why we can all identify the pyramids as anearly monument of human greatness.
法老们的初衷是为自己建造豪华的陵墓，而最终他们创建的却是昭示人类潜能的纪念碑。金字塔蕴含着一种共同的信息，金字塔属于埃及，但它也属于世界。因此我们完全可以把金字塔作为展示人类伟大文明的早期纪念物。
Section 44 音乐之都-维也纳
The City of music-Vienna
维也纳是奥地利的首都，是奥地利最大的城市和政治中心，位于多瑙河畔。因市内古典音乐气氛浓厚，引来各国音乐家聚集于此，具“世界音乐之都”和“乐都”等美誉。
口头应急句
1. Vienna is a city of music.
维也纳是座音乐城。
2. Vienna has a population of more than 1.6 million.
维也纳有人口160多万。
3. Music is the soul of Vienna.
音乐是维也纳之魂。
4. Im a fan of Mozart.
我是个莫扎特迷。
5. The Australian composer， Schubert， was born in Vienna.
奥地利作曲家舒伯特出生于维也纳。
6. Vienna celebrates its well-composed heritage with numerousfestivals and concerts.
维也纳通过多种节日和音乐会庆祝丰富的文化遗产。
7. Vienna abounds in historical relics.
维也纳有许许多多的历史文物。
8. Do you like Vienna classical music？
你喜欢维也纳古典音乐吗？
9. You will enjoy the well-known music of Vienna！
您将会欣赏到举世闻名的维也纳音乐！
10.We enjoy the romantic waltz in the grand opera house ofVienna.
我们在维也纳大剧院欣赏浪漫华尔兹音乐。
11.Johann Junior gave Vienna its musical immortality with his Ander schonen blauen Donau .
小约翰《蓝色多瑙河》一曲使维也纳在音乐方面名垂青史。
12.This is a global social gala.
这是全球性的社交盛会。
13.The Danube River flows through Vienna.
多瑙河流经维也纳城。
超经典情景对话链接
经典一
Lillian： Excuse me！ I'm a tourist from China. I want to enrich my musicalknowledge during the trip to Vienna. Can you give me some suggestion
Native： My pleasure！ Vienna is a city of music. You might hear Mozart，Schubert， Beethoven， Strauss， or Haydn at an opera house， a church， oran open-air performance.
Lillian： I'm a fan of Mozart.
Native： You've landed in the right city. You'll not only be able to hear hismusic in the concert halls， but also visit the places in which he lived andworked.
Lillian： Mozart Memorial is near here， right？
Native： Yes. It's not very far from here. You just walk along the street. Turnright at the corner. Then walk two blocks and you will not miss it.
莉莲：您好！我是一位来自中国的旅游者，很想通过维也纳之行丰富自己的音乐知识。您能给我些建议吗？
当地人：荣幸之至！维也纳是座音乐城。您在剧院、教堂或户外都有可能听到莫扎特、舒伯特、贝多芬、施特劳斯或海顿的曲子。
莉莲：我是个莫扎特迷。
当地人：您来到维也纳，是来对地方了。您不但可以在音乐厅听到莫扎特的曲子，而且可以去参观他生活过和工作过的地方。
莉莲：莫扎特纪念馆离这儿不远，对吗？
当地人：是的。不远。沿着这条街走，在拐角处向右拐，然后再走两条街就到了。
要点提示：
opera house 歌剧院 open-air 户外的；野外的
be able to 能够；会 a fan of ……的粉丝；……的追随者
refer to 谈到；涉及
经典二
Julia： It is an impressive city， isn't it？
