After the opium war， the number of missionaries sent to Chinaby foreign missions from Britain or the U.S. started to increase.
Foreign missions began to enter China to carry out theirmissionary activities. They included：The London Missionary SocietyThe London Missionary Society is the earliest church bodysending missionaries to China. Besides Morrison， it sentMedhurst and Lockhart， etc to China in 1843. They rented civilresidences in Shanghai in the next year and conducted missionaryactivities while providing medical services. Owing to theimportance of Shanghai， the Church allocated money for themto purchase land and build houses there， so that an area full ofchurches， clinics， printing houses， and missionaries‘ residencesevolved over time. In the following decades， The LondonMissionary Society had successively sent W. Muirhead， A. Wylie，A. Williamson and other missionaries to China. Besides Shanghai， they also went to Beijing， Yantai， Hankou， Xiamenand other cities of China to carry out their missionary activities.
The Church of EnglandIn 1844， the Church of England sent G. Smith and T.
McClatchie to investigate in China， who set Ningbo as the centerof activities. It dispatched many other missionaries to China afterthe second Opium War， and spread from Ningbo to Shaoxing，Hangzhou and other places with its preaching area covering abouthalf of Zhejiang Province. It also established the Holy TrinityChurch in Shanghai， the Holy Trinity School in Ningbo， as wellas Ying Hua School and some drug addicts‘ treatment institutions.
The British Baptist ChurchThe British Baptist Church sent two missionaries to China"sShandong Province in 1859 and established its base in Yantai.
However， little was achieved. In 1869， the famous missionaryTimothy Richard went to Yantai and opened up a new prospectfor its missionary activities.
The American Congregational ChurchIn 1843， the American Congregational Church for the first time sent its missionary D.
Ball to Hong Kong to practicemedicine as well as carry outmissionary work. He went toGuangzhou two years later. Itwas this church to which SunYat-sen， leader of China"smodern democratic revolutionwas admitted when he becamea Christian believer. After1847， the church sent manymissionaries to preach inFuzhou. They established aschool there in 1853， whichwas the predecessor of theFuzhou Concord University. In 1860， when the second OpiumWar broke out， H. Blodget went north to Tianjin with the Britisharmy and reached Beijing four years later， establishing a churchpresence in north China. He established the famous DengshikouChurch. After 1865， A.H. Smith， D.Z.Sheffield and othermissionaries went to north China successively. The former laterwrote works like Rural Lives in China， China in Changes and Disturbances， and became an expert on Chinese issues， whilethe latter became the first president of North China ConcordUniversity.
American Anglican （Episcopalian） ChurchThe American Anglican Church dispatched Bishop Booneto Shanghai in 1844. He bought land on the north bank of theSuzhou River （later Creek） on which he built churches andschools. Later， the church extended its development towards theYangtze Delta. After the third bishop S.I.J. Shereschewsky tookoffice in 1877， the church dedicated itself to running schoolsand translating books. It established the St. John"s School thatevolved into the St. John"s University later on.
Northern and Southern Baptist ChurchIn 1845， the American Northern and Southern BaptistChurch began missionary activities in southern China. Based onShanghai， it developed towards eastern China from 1847. Oneof its missionaries in Shanghai， whose name was T. Yates， hadfrequent contacts with the Small Sword Association in the 1850swhen that association began an armed uprising. He sent theinformation he had gathered about the association to the U.S.consulate and published it in the North China Victory News. Theinformation was later compiled and published in the book TaipingArmy. The Northern and Southern Baptists usually operated inareas south to the Yangtze River， such as Ningbo， Hangzhou andShanghai.
American Presbyterian ChurchThe American Presbyterian Church started its missionaryactivities in Guangdong Province， Xiamen and Ningbo in 1844，and gradually moved on to Shanghai and Shandong Province.
By 1877， the number of its Chinese believers totaled more than1，100. It established the newspaper titled Tong Wen Bao. Famousmissionaries in the early 20th century like J.L. Stuart and F.W.
Price were from this Church.
American Wesleyans In 1847， The American Wesleyan Society started itsmissionary work in Fuzhou where one of its missionaries namedS.L. Baldwin established a magazine entitled Missionary Work，which was the first magazine intended for the foreign missionariesin China to exchange their ideas. The famous missionary Y.J.
Allen， another Wesleyan， was once director of the China Methodist Episcopal Church after he came to China in 1860.
The Chinese Home Missionary SocietyThe Chinese Home Missionary Society was established in1865 by an English missionary named J.H. Taylor. It was atransnational and trans-church religious group. It required themissionaries to try to live and dress in the Chinese way and preachin the spirit of sacrifice without compensation. Its headquarterswas in Shanghai， while its policy of development was to avoidthe coastal cities where the big churches conducted theirmissionary activities and to operate in the Chinese hinterland. Itenjoyed some development in provinces like Sichuan， Henan，Shanxi and Yunnan. By the early 20th century， The Chinese HomeMissionary Society had set up some 700 churches and manyprimary schools and hospitals， with more than 19，000 believers.
