与罗宾汉和他的手下在舍伍德森林中占山为王的时代相比，射箭运动的器材装备在技术上已经逐渐进步了不少，但是这项运动在本质上并没有改变。覆盖着玻璃纤维，向内凹进的弓已经成为了标准用具，用铝和石墨制成的箭时速可高达240公里。然而，最关键的要求还是那么简单：稳健的双手、强有力的肩膀、柔韧的肌肉、犀利的眼睛和钢铁一般的神经。
Archery was a feature of the Olympic Games several times from 1900to 1920，but then disappeared for more than 50years.It reappeared at Munich in 1972and has remained a fixture ever since.
在1900年至1920年期间，射箭曾一度是奥运会上的一大亮点，但此后它在50多年的时间当中都销声匿迹。1972年，射箭项目重新出现在慕尼黑奥运会上，并且从此一直是奥运会的固定比赛项目。
About Fencing 击剑概述
Take the romantic，swashbuckling epics of Errol Flynn，add some rules，protective clothing and an electronic scoring system，and you have fencing at the Olympic Games.Two rivals stand opposite each other and feint，lunge，parry and riposte until one scores the required number of hits to win.
奥运会击剑比赛与埃罗尔·弗林（Errol Flynn）的武侠传奇颇为相似，只不过在比赛中加入了比赛规则、保护服装和电子记分系统。两名对手相对而立，运用做假动作，冲刺，防守和反击等战术，谁率先获得规定点数，谁就获胜。
Evolved from the ancient form of combat，fencing is one of only four sports that has been featured at every modern Olympic Games.It was the first to include recognised professionals in a medals competition after modern Olympic Games founder Pierre de Coubertin arranged special events for professional fencing “masters”in the original 1896and 1900competitions.
从古代战争中演变而来的击剑运动是历届现代奥运会的正式比赛项目，而享此殊荣的只有4个比赛项目。击剑又是第一项允许专业运动员参加的奥运会比赛项目。在1896和1900年的奥运会上，现代奥林匹克之父顾拜旦为专业击剑“大师”们专门设置了比赛项目。
The clothing has become so protective，though，that officials modified masks a few years ago to return a “human face”to the event.Fine，but for intense reality，the 1924team foil competition still wins：After the Olympic Games，an Italian and a Hungarian settled a scoring controversy with a real duel.
击剑选手服装的保护性不断加强，以至于几年前，竞赛官员们不得不对防护面具加以改进，以便让击剑运动恢复“人性化面貌”。但是在严酷的现实中，1924年一场男子团体花剑比赛后，一位意大利选手和一位匈牙利选手竟然真的通过决斗来定胜负。
About Equestrian
马术概述
Equestrian events were included in the Olympic Games for the first time in 1900and then in 1912，in a format very similar to that which will be used at the Athens 2004Olympic Games.
马术在1900的奥运会上首次亮相，接着出现在1912年的奥运会上，采用与即将举行的2004雅典奥运会极其相似的规则和形式。
In the past，the three day event （Eventing）was restricted to military officers，while the jumping and dressage competitions were open to civilians，but only a handful of civilian riders competed up to 1948.Up to that time，the growth of modern sport had been rapid，but relatively few competitors were involved in international competitions.They all knew each other and the judges and were accepting of local variations to the fairly simple rules which existed.With the inclusion of the sport in the Olympic Games，it became obvious that some internationally recognised rules for the three Olympic disciplines were essential.In May 1921，delegates from 10national equestrian organisations met in Lausanne to discuss the formation of an international federation.
过去，三日赛（又称综合全能马术赛）的参赛权仅仅局限于军官。尽管障碍赛和花样骑术是对平民开放的，但是一直到1948年只有很少数的平民骑手参加比赛。在那时，现代体育事业已经在飞速发展了，但是只有相对很少的运动员参加国际性的比赛。运动员们彼此还有和裁判都很熟悉，而且他们也接受当时简单规则在当地的种种变化。随着马术加入到奥运会中，这三项赛事国际认证的规则的基本性变得更为显著。在1921年5月，来自10个国家的马术组织的代表在瑞士的洛桑会晤，共同磋商建立国际马术协会。
Equestrian consists of three disciplines：Jumping，Dressage and Eventing （Three Day Event）.
马术比赛包括三项赛事：障碍赛、花样骑术和综合全能马术赛（三日赛）。
Dawn of the Modern Age 现代奥运百年之路
April 6，1896，was definitely a day to remember.King George I of Greece announced the opening of the first International Olympic Games in Athens.
1896年4月6日是一个值得纪念的日子。那天，希腊国王乔治一世宣布希腊举办的首届国际奥林匹克运动会开幕。
A total of 245athletes from 14nations competed in the ancient Panathenaic stadium.
来自14个国家的245名运动员参加了这场在古老的雅典体育场举行的盛会。
In this first modern Games，the winner was awarded a silver medal.The second athlete was given a bronze medal while the third athlete received nothing.
在这次首届现代奥运会上，冠军被授予一枚银牌，亚军获得一枚铜牌，而季军什么奖牌也没有。
The man who re introduced the Olympic Games to the modern world was Baron Pierre de Coubertin （18631937）of France.He was enthusiastic about the Games because he thought they were similar to the French education system，which combined moral and social education in school games.
法国人巴隆·皮耶尔·德·顾拜旦（18631937）将奥运会重新引入了现代世界。他之所以对奥运会热情很高，是因为他觉得奥运会与法国的学校教育具有相通之处，两者都将道德教育和社会教育融入到运动会之中。
He travelled the world to gather support for his dream to have countries come together in the name of sport.“The important thing in life is not the victory but competing；the main thing is not to have won but to have fought well，”he said.
他周游世界，寻求人们对他奥林匹克梦想的支持，希望世界各国能以体育运动的名义相聚。他说：“人生最重要的东西并不是胜利本身，而是竞争的过程，重要的不是赢得胜利，而是努力奋斗。”
Coubertin held an international meeting in Paris in 1894and established the International Olympic Committee.Two years later his ideal bringing together the youth of the world in a friendly competition became a reality at the first celebration of the modern Olympic Games.
1894年，顾拜旦在巴黎召开了一个国际会议，成立了国际奥林匹克委员会。两年后，他的梦想——以一个友好比赛使各国青年汇聚——在首届现代奥林匹克运动会时变成了现实。
From the start of the modern Olympics，male athletes of every race，religion，and nationality have been allowed to participate.
自现代奥运会诞生之日起，各种族、宗教、民族的男性运动员均被允许参赛。
No women competed in 1896.A few female golfers and tennis players were allowed to take part in the 1900Games.Female gymnasts and track and field athletes first competed at the 1928Games.Women’s Olympic sports have grown hugely since then.Today women make up about half of the total number of competitors.
1896年奥运会的时候，还没有女性选手参赛。1900年奥运会时，开始有一些女性高尔夫球选手和网球选手获准参赛。而到了1928年奥运会，女性体操和田径运动员首次出现在比赛场上。自此以后，奥林匹克运动在女性中发展壮大。如今，女选手大约占据了参赛选手总人数的半边天。
This has not been the only change.Figure skating was part of the Summer Games of 1908and 1920，and ice hockey was played in 1920.They then became part of the Winter Olympics，which was first held in 1924in France.
除此之外，奥运会的变化还有很多。比如，花样滑冰成为1908年和1920年夏季奥运会的运动项目，此外，1920年的比赛项目中加入冰球。它们随后成为了冬季奥运会的竞赛项目。首届冬季奥运会于1924年在法国举行。
Although founded to help world peace，the modern Olympic Games sometimes become a stage for political arguments.The most controversial Olympics were the Berlin Games of 1936.Under the rule of the Nazis，German Jewish athletes were banned from the German team.
