Madeleine Meyer， at Rosheim， a retailer， is accused of selling a candle for ten sous and is condemned to a fine of one thousand livres， payable in three days. Braun， butcher and bar-keeper， accused of having sold a glass of wine for twenty sous， is condemned to a fine of forty thousand francs， to be imprisoned until this is paid， and to exposure in the pillory before his own house for four hours， with this inscription： debaser of the national currency." - " Recueil de Pieces， etc.， at Strasbourg，" (supplement， pp. 21， 30， 64). "Marie Ursule Schnellen and Marie Schultzmann， servant， accused of monopolising milk. The former is sentenced to the pillory for one day under a placard， monopoliser of milk， and to hold in one hand the money and， in the other， the milk-pot； the other， a servant with citizen Benner.
. . . he， the said Benner， is sentenced to a fine of three hundred livres， payable in three days." - " Dorothy Franz， convicted of having sold two heads of salad at twenty sous， and of thus having depreciated the value of assignats， is sentenced to a fine of three thousand livres， imprisonment for six weeks and exposure in the pillory for two hours." - Ibid.， I.， 18. "A grocer， accused of having sold sugar-candy at lower than the rate， although not comprised in the list， is sentenced to one hundred thousand livres fine and imprisonment until peace is declared." - Orders by Saint-Just and Lebas， Nivose 3， year II. "The criminal court of the department of the Lower-Rhine is ordered to destroy the house of any one convicted of having made sales below the rates fixed by the maximum，" consequently， the house of one Schauer， a furrier， is torn down， Nivose 7.
[40] Archives des Affaires étrangères， vol. 322. (Letter by Haupt， Belfort， Brumaire 3， year II.) "On my arrival here， I found the law of the maximum promulgated and in operation.. . (but) the necessary steps have not been taken to prevent a new monopoly by the country people， who have flocked in to the shops of the dealers， carried off all their goods and created a factitious dearth."[41] Archives Nationales， F.7， 4421. (Petitions of merchants and shop-keepers at Troyes in relation to the revolutionary tax， especially of hatters， linen， cotton and woollen manufacturers， weavers and grocers. There is generally a loss of one-half， and sometimes of three-fourths of the purchase money.)[42] Archives des Affaires étrangères， vol.330. (Letter of Brutus， Marseilles， Nivose 6， year II.) "Since the maximum everything is wanting at Marseilles." - Ibid. (Letter by Soligny and Gosse， Thionville， Nivose 5， year II.) "No peasant is willing to bring anything to market. . . They go off six leagues to get a better price and thus the communes which they once supplied are famishing ..
According as they are paid in specie or assignats the difference often amounts to two hundred per cent.， and nearly always to one hundred per cent." - " Un Sejour en France，" pp. 188-189. - Archives Nationales， D.. § I.， file 2. (Letter of Representative Albert， Germinal 19， year II.， and of Joffroy， national agent， district of Bar-sur-Aube， Germinal 5， year III. "The municipalities have always got themselves exempted from the requisitions， which all fall on the farmers and proprietors unable to satisfy them.... The allotment among the tax-payers is made with the most revolting inequality.... Partiality through connections of relatives and of friendship."[43] Decrees of September 29， 1793 (articles 8 and 9)； of May 4 and 20， and June 26， 1794. - Archives Nationales， AF.， II.， 68-72.
(Orders of the Committee of Public Safety， Prairial 26， year II.) "The horses and wagons of coal peddlers， the drivers accustomed to taking to Paris by law a portion of the supply of coal used in baking in the department of Seine-et-Marne， are drafted until the 1st of Brumaire next， for the transportation of coal to Paris. During this time they cannot be drafted for any other service." (A good many orders in relation to provisions and articles of prime necessity may be found in these files， mostly in the handwriting of Robert Lindet.)[44] Cf. "The Revolution，" II.， 69. - Dauban， "Paris en 1794."(Report by Pouvoyeur， March 15， 1794.) "A report has been long circulated that all the aged were to be slaughtered； there is not a place where this falsehood is not uttered."[45] Archives Nationales， F.7， 4435， file 10， letters of Collot d'Herbois， Brumaire 17 and 19， year II. - De Martel， "Fouché，" 340， 341. Letters of Collot d'Herbois， November 7 and 9， 1793.
[46] De Martel， ibid.， 462. (Proclamation by Javogues， Pluviose 13， year II.)[47] Archives des Affaires étrangères， vol. 330. (Letter of Brutus， political agent， Niv？se 6.)[48] Archives Nationales， AF.， II.， 116. (Orders of Taillefer and Marat-Valette， and Deliberations of the Directory of Lot， Brumaire 20， year II.)[49] Archives des Affaires étrangères， vol. 331. (Letter of the agent Bertrand， Frimaire 3.)[50] Ibid.， vol. 1332. (Letter of the agent Chépy， Brumaire 2.)[51] Ibid.， vol.1411. (Letter of Blessmann and Hauser， Brumaire 30.)- Ibid. (Letter of Haupt， Belfort， Brumaire 29.) "I believe that Marat's advice should be followed here and a hundred scaffolds be erected； there are not guillotines enough to cut off the heads of the monopolists. I shall do what I can to have the pleasure of seeing one of these damned bastards play hot cockles."[52] Ibid.， vol.333. (Letter of Garrigues， Pluvi？se 16.)[53] "Souvenirs et Journal d'un Bourgeois d'Evreux，" pp.83-85. (June and July， 1794.) - Ibid.， at Nantes. - Dauban， "Paris en 1794，"p.194， March 4.
