D. output devices
（8）We read data on the disk by _____.
A. detecting the magnetized spots randomly
B. writing the magnetized spots
C. detecting the magnetized spots sequentially
D. moving the read/write head
（9）The instructions that carry out the processing are called_____.
A. data
B. information
C. computer programs or software
D. computer
（10）Which of the following is not a kind of medium for the storage part of the computer system _____.
A. hard disks
B. floppy disks
C. CD-ROM
D. disk drive
2. Translate the following phrase into Chinese
（1）CPU （central processing unit）
（2）operating system
（3）virtual memory
（4）mainframe
（5）machine language
（6）hierarchical memory
（7）Random-Access Memory （RAM）
（8）Dynamic RAM
（9）digital computer system
3. Identify the following to be True or False.
（1）A processor is composed of two functional units a control unit and an arithmetic/logic unit—as well as a set of special workspaces called memory.
（2）The control unit is the functional unit that provides the computer with logical and computational capabilities.
（3）A register is a storage location inside the processor.
（4）The RAM contains information the computer permanently needs to have. When the computer is turned off， this information is not lost; this form of storage is therefore referred to as non-volatile memory.
（5）Information is recorded on a number of concentric circles， called cylinder.
（6）In order to read or write data on the surface of the spinning disk platter，the disk drives are designed with access arms， or read/write heads.
（7）There are two major categories of voice-input devices: word-recognizers and speech-recognizers.
（8）Video display can be accomplished by a Liquid Crystal Display （LCD）， commonly used in television sets.
4. Fill in each blank with a suitable term according to its official definition.
（1）______， a communication device that enables a computer to transmit information over a standard telephone line.
（2）______， an electromechanical device that reads data from and writes data to thin flexible disks.
（3）______， a computer component in which instructions and data are stored.
（4）______， a mental or plastic framework that holds a computer’s circuitboard.
（5）______， data that consists of characters representing the words and symbols of human speech.
（6）______， the fineness of detail attained by a monitor in producing an image.
（7）______， the frequency with which the entire screen is refreshed to maintain a constant， flicker-free image.
（8）______， raw， unstructured and unprocessed facts.
5. Translate the following passage into Chinese
Two basic types of semiconductor memory are considered. The first is the Random Access Memory （RAM）， a read-write memory， in which each individual cell can be addressed at any particular time. The access time to each cell is virtually the same. Implicit in the definition of the RAM is that both the read and the write operations are permissible in each cell with also approximately the same access time.
A second class of semiconductor memory is the Read-Only Memory （ROM）. The set of data in this type of memory is generally considered to be fixed， although in some designs the data can be altered. However， the time required to write new data is considerably longer than the read access time of the memory cell. A ROM may be used， for example， to store the instructions of a system operating program.
